Hydraulic valve.



W. L. MARSHALL.

HYDRAULIC VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 6. 1914.

Patented Apr. 4, 1916.

INVENTOH /V/u //7M 1 .M/PS/Mz ATTORNEYS THE COLUMBIA PLANOURAPH ,co..WASHINGTON, D. c.

5 All/l WITNESSES) WILLIAM L. MARSHALL, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OFCOLUMBIA.

HYDRAULIC VALVE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 4t, 1916.

Application filed February 6, 1914. Serial No. 816,911.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VILLIAM L. MAR- SHALL, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Washington, in the District of Columbia, havemade certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Valves, of whichthe following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in hydraulic valves, and itconsists in the combinations, constructions, and arrangements hereindescribed and claimed.

An object of my invention is to provide a hydraulic valve which allowsthe greatest possible discharge with the least weight of material in themoving parts, with the least motion and friction, and with forces actingon the valve which are balanced or in equi librium in every directionand at every position of the valve.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following specificationand the novel features of the device will be particularly pointed out inthe appended claims.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming part ofthis application in which Figure 1 is a vertical section through thevalve and the pipe leading to the valve casing, Fig. 2 is asection alongthe line 2-2 of Fig. 1, the body portion of the device being shown inplan view, Fig. 3 is a section along the line 38 of Fig. 2.

Referring now to Fig. l I have shown therein one form of the devicewhich is especially adapted to be used in connection with largereservoirs or similar bodies of water in which a considerable flow maybe established or shut oif as for instance for purposes of irrigation.The valve is designed to be submerged in the water and to be manipulatedeither manually or by power means, as will be explained later. In thisform of the device I provide a valve casing 1 of the shape shown in thedrawings. It will be observed that this casing consists of an upper anda lower casting, each having flanges such as those shown at 2 which maybe secured together in any suitable manner. The casing is annular, andthe main valve member 3 is disposed in the opening formed by the annularcasing, as shown in the drawings. One side of the casing 1 is secured toa pipe 4 which may be either an inlet pipe or an outlet pipe. Disposedwithin the easing and forming an integral part thereof are plates 5 and6. These plates arepreferably on opposite sides of the valve 3 and themner edges 5 and 6 ofthe plates ter- 'minate short of the valve, as willbe seen from Fig. 1, thus leaving passage-ways 7 for the flow of water.The interior of the annular casing is preferably elliptical in section,as will be seen from the vertical section shown in Fig. 1, but may bemade of any suitable cross section. This provides a space 8 for the flowof the water around the interior of the casing. Secured to the top ofthe casing are uprights 9 which bear at their tops integral cross arms9*, the uprights 9 and the cross arms 9 forming a yoke. Arranged to passthrough openings in the cross members 9 are rods 10 which are connectedby means of couplings 11 with extensions 12 of the valvev 3. The valvein this instance is a right cylinder. It is provided on its exteriorwith guide lugs 13 which are grooved as shown in Fig. 3 to engagetheedges 5 and 6 respectively of the plates 5 and 6. The upper guide lugs13 are also provided and are arranged to engage the guide members 9. Thecylindrical. valve member 3 bears against a packing ring 141 which issecured to the annular casing. The lower end of the valve member has anexternal flange 3 which is beveled to form a tight fit on a ring 15which is carried by the casing.

From the foregoing description of the various parts of the device theoperation thereof may be readily understood.

The valve, as stated, is submerged in a body of water and may be usedeither as an outlet or an inlet valve. Consider now the conditions whenthe valve is submerged and in its closed position. The bottom and top ofthe valve casing being open, pressure in the direction parallel to theaxis of the cylindrical valve will be equal in both directions.

Pressure at right angles to the axis of the cylindrical valve on theinterior of the valve 3 will also be equalized around the entire innersurface of the valve. When it is desired to permit a flow of water outthrough the pipe 4 the valve 3 may be raised. To this end I provide across head 16 to which is secured a rod 17. The latter may bemanipulated in any suitable manner either by hand or by external powerdevices. The opening of the valve will permit the water to enter fromabove and from below when the valve is set in the vertical positionshown in Fig. 1. It will then flow into the passage 8 as well asdirectly toward the pipe 4. This permits the passage of a relativelylarge amount of water, but since the forces on the valve are balancedthere is no undue pressure on any one particular part which tends tomake the valve bind. The lugs 13 act as stop members so as to limit themove .nent of the valve when they come in contact with the annularflange 1 It will be noted that the rods 10 are so placed as to beprotected by the standards 9 against pressure due to the rapid flow ofwater into or out of the cylinder or valve and the standards 9 are sodisposed as not to obstruct full and free flow into or out of thecylinder or valve. It will also be noted that the interior of the movingcylinder is unbroken and not obstructed, offering full and free flowthroughout. hen it is desired to close the valve it is moved in theopposite direction. In this case, as in the case where the valve isopened, the forces acting on it are balanced so that it requires verylittle effort to move the valve into closed position. When in positionthe flanges 3 rest upon the ring 15, the latter constituting a valveseat. It will be observed that the valve is guided externally by theguide members 5 and 6 which are engaged by the lugs 13 and the guidemembers 9" which are engaged by the lugs 13. In case the pipe 4 shouldact as the inlet pipe the condit ons of equilibrium are stillmaintained, for it will be apparent that with the valve closed as shownin Fig. 1 pressure exerted by the water against the outer surface of thevalve will be equal on all sides there of, since the pressure from thepipe A will be transmitted undiminished to the water passage 8 whichsurrounds the valve. As the valve is opened the water has a chance toflow not only from the bottom of the valve casing, but also through thetop of the valve casing by means of the cylindrical valve itself. Backpressure is therefore relieved by providing this double outlet. A largeflow of water may therefore be controlled by means of the valve owing tothe fact that it not only permits a flow through the valve casing, butalso through the valve.

It will be observed that the pressure is so equalized on the differentparts of the valve that it may be made of relatively light material. Theeffective force tending to resist the movement of the valve in theCopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe direction of its axis is that due to the weight of the valve andany-small friction which may exist, this being a comparativelynegligible quantity. The valve may be made of thin material, such asboiler plate, and therefore costs much less than those valves which haveto withstand enormous compression pressures and which have to be thickcastings to be operated against this pressure.

The apparatus as a whole is comparatively simple and is easily installedat a comparatively low cost.

I claim 1. A hydraulic valve mechanism comprising a casing having acentral cylindrical opening extending entirely through the easing, acylindrical valve open at both ends and adapted to enter said centralopening, said casing having an annular water chamber of elliptical crosssection surrounding said central opening, said annular water chamberbeing in communication with said central opening, a bearing for saidcylindrical valve near one end of said central opening, guide rodsdisposed at the junction between the annular water chamber and thecentral opening, said guide rods being parallel to the direction ofmovement of the valve, and guide lugs carried by said valve and arrangedto slide on said guide rods.

2. A hydraulic valve mechanism comprising a casing having a centralcylindrical opening extending entirely through the easing, a cylindricalvalve open at both ends and adapted to enter said central opening, saidcasing having an annular water chamber of elliptical cross sectionsurrounding said central opening, said annular water chamber being incommunication with said central opening, a bearing for said cylindricalvalve near one end of said central opening, guide rods disposed at thejunction between the annular water chamber and the central opening, saidguide rods being parallel to the direction of movement of the valve, andguide lugs carried by said valve and arranged to slide on said guiderods, said guide lugs being arranged to engage said bearing to limit themovement of the valve.

lVILLIAM L. MARSHALL.

Witnesses: L. P. LITTLEPAGE, BURNIE Lovn.

Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. C.

